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Japanese History Timeline
History of Japan
Dates Period Subperiod Major Government
prehistory –

circa 300 BCE

(prehistory –
circa 1000 – 900 BCE)

Jomon   Unknown
circa 300 BCE –

250 CE

(circa 1000 – 900 BCE –
250 CE)

Yayoi   Unknown
circa 250 –

538 CE

Kofun Period or Yamato Kofun Yamato Imperial Government near Nara (later Kyoto)
538 – 710 CE Asuka
710 – 794 Nara  
794 – 1185 Heian  
1185 – 1333 Kamakura   Kamakura shogunate
1333 – 1336 Kemmu restoration   Emperor of Japan
1336-1392 Muromachi Nanboku-cho Ashikaga shogunate
1392-1573 Sengoku period
1573-1603 Azuchi-Momoyama
1600-1867 Edo   Tokugawa shogunate
1868-1912 Meiji   Emperor Meiji (Mutsuhito)
1912-1926 Taisho   Emperor Taisho (Yoshihito)
1926-1945 Showa Expansionism Emperor Hirohito
1945 – 1952
Occupied Japan
1952 – 1989
Post-occupation
1989 – present Contemporary   Emperor Akihito

Era Name (Nengou) in Japan ( after Meiji )

Nengou are commonly used in Japan together with Gregorian Era.
For example, in censuses, birthdays are written using Nengou.
Dates of newspapers and official documents are also written using Nengou.
Nengou are changed upon the enthronement of each new Emperor of Japan (Tennou).
Meiji (1868 - 1912)
Taisho (1912 - 1926)
Showa (1926 (December 25) - 1989 (January 7) )
Heisei (1989 (January 8) - present )
For Example :
1945 was the 20th year of Showa.
2001 was the 13th year of Heisei.
1989 was the 64th year of Showa through January 7, but on January 8, it became the 1st year(Gan-nen) of Heisei.
Before World War II ended, Imperial era (Kōki) is also used in common that the year of enthronement of first emperor (Jinmu-Tennou) is defined as First Year. (= 660 B.C.)


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